How ARP Works?

In this tutorial, we are going to see How ARP works? The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) protocol has a prominent role among the protocols of the Internet layer of the TCP/IP suite because it allows knowing the physical address of a network card corresponding to an IP address, that’s why it is called Address Resolution Protocol (ARP).
 

 
 
Each machine connected to the network has an identification number of 48 bits. This number is a unique number that is fixed at the factory when the card is manufactured. However, communication on the Internet is not done directly from this number but from a so-called logical address assigned by an organization: the IP address.

Thus, to match physical addresses to logical addresses, the ARP protocol interrogates the machines on the network to find out their physical addresses, then creates a table of correspondence between the logical addresses and the physical addresses in cache memory, to display this cache on Windows operating system try this command arp -a.
 

 
When a machine needs to communicate with another, it consults the mapping table. If the requested address is not in the table, the ARP protocol sends a request to the network. All the machines on the network will compare this logical address to their own. If one of them identifies itself with this address, the machine will answer to ARP which will store a couple of addresses in the correspondence table and the communication will then be able to take place…
 
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